(1) They produce numerous biological effects including promotion of leaf senescence and abscission , stomatal closure, inhibition of root growth, and germination of non-dormant seeds.

(2) Ethylene is involved in many biological processes, like fruit ripening, flower and leaf abscission , senescence, many stress acclimations, and growth.

(3) In the absence of water deficit, leaf water potential changes very little, or not at all, during senescence in species where the life span of leaves is terminated by abscission , as in soybeans and other dicots.

(4) By contrast, drought hastens ripening and seed maturation for tomato and reduces fruit abscission for lychee trees.

(5) Leaf abscission in trees

(6) The presence and balance of plant hormones have been shown to affect abscission of leaves, flowers, and immature and mature fruit.

(7) Abscission layer